{
 "name": "The Flow Index",
 "version": "2026-09-02",
 "flows": [
  {
   "key": "information",
   "label": "Information",
   "short": "Info",
   "definition": "Design decisions, approvals, responses to queries, assurance and acceptance documentation."
  },
  {
   "key": "materials",
   "label": "Materials",
   "short": "Mat.",
   "definition": "Components and materials present at the work face when the work wants them."
  },
  {
   "key": "labor",
   "label": "Labor",
   "short": "Labor",
   "definition": "Crews of the required trade and skill, in the required quantity."
  },
  {
   "key": "equipment",
   "label": "Equipment",
   "short": "Equip.",
   "definition": "Plant and tools available for the duration the work requires."
  },
  {
   "key": "workspace",
   "label": "Workspace",
   "short": "Space",
   "definition": "Physical space available and free of competing work."
  },
  {
   "key": "precedence",
   "label": "Precedence",
   "short": "Prec.",
   "definition": "Connecting or prerequisite work complete to the standard the next stage requires."
  },
  {
   "key": "external",
   "label": "External conditions",
   "short": "Ext.",
   "definition": "Weather, permits, regulatory approval, utility connection, and other conditions outside the program."
  }
 ],
 "states": {
  "binding": "Binding constraint",
  "not-reported": "Not reported as binding",
  "no-record": "Insufficient public record",
  "available": "Fed on demand"
 },
 "entries": [
  {
   "project": "Crossrail",
   "phase": "Endgame, 2019 to 2020",
   "location": "London, United Kingdom",
   "essay": "/essays/crossrail-seven-flows/",
   "cells": {
    "information": {
     "state": "binding",
     "note": "Roughly 200,000 assurance documents were needed to prove the railway safe, while pre-2019 management information tracked construction completeness rather than documentation completeness. A signalling update needed for trial operations ran three to eight weeks late and gated the stage behind it.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    },
    "materials": {
     "state": "not-reported",
     "note": "Not identified as a constraint on the endgame in the audit record.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    },
    "labor": {
     "state": "not-reported",
     "note": "Not identified as a constraint on the endgame in the audit record.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    },
    "equipment": {
     "state": "not-reported",
     "note": "Not identified as a constraint on the endgame in the audit record.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    },
    "workspace": {
     "state": "not-reported",
     "note": "Not identified as a constraint on the endgame in the audit record.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    },
    "precedence": {
     "state": "binding",
     "note": "The six stage testing ladder makes static proof an absolute precondition for dynamic testing. Stages could not be compressed or resequenced under schedule pressure.",
     "source": "ll-itc"
    },
    "external": {
     "state": "not-reported",
     "note": "Not identified as a constraint on the endgame in the audit record.",
     "source": "nao2021"
    }
   }
  },
  {
   "project": "Huoshenshan hospital",
   "phase": "Whole build, 24 January to 3 February 2020",
   "location": "Wuhan, China",
   "essay": "/essays/huoshenshan-ten-days/",
   "cells": {
    "information": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "The design adapted the existing Xiaotangshan standard plan from 2003, so design decisions and approvals were largely resolved before day one.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "materials": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "Wards were prefabricated modules assembled before arriving on site and fitted out in parallel, off the critical path.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "labor": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "Round the clock working under national mobilization.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "equipment": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "35 excavators and ten bulldozers on site levelling alone.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "workspace": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "Single greenfield site, one building, no competing trades or existing operations.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "precedence": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "Modular assembly on a prepared slab. Prerequisite chains were short and largely parallel.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    },
    "external": {
     "state": "available",
     "note": "Permits and utility connections cleared by decree under emergency powers.",
     "source": "gd-hsp"
    }
   }
  }
 ],
 "sources": {
  "nao2021": {
   "title": "Crossrail: a progress update",
   "publisher": "National Audit Office",
   "year": "2021",
   "url": "https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Crossrail-a-progress-update-2.pdf"
  },
  "nao2019": {
   "title": "Completing Crossrail",
   "publisher": "National Audit Office",
   "year": "2019",
   "url": "https://www.nao.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Completing-Crossrail.pdf"
  },
  "ll-itc": {
   "title": "Integration, Testing and Commissioning at Crossrail",
   "publisher": "Crossrail Learning Legacy",
   "year": "",
   "url": "https://learninglegacy.crossrail.co.uk/documents/integration-testing-commissioning-crossrail/"
  },
  "gd-hsp": {
   "title": "Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan, project profile",
   "publisher": "GlobalData",
   "year": "2020",
   "url": "https://www.hospitalmanagement.net/projects/new-coronavirus-hospital-wuhan/"
  },
  "dezeen": {
   "title": "Wuhan building 1,000-bed hospital in 10 days",
   "publisher": "Dezeen",
   "year": "2020",
   "url": "https://www.dezeen.com/2020/01/27/china-wuhan-huoshenshan-hospital-coronavirus/"
  }
 },
 "states_short": {
  "binding": "Binding",
  "not-reported": "Not reported",
  "no-record": "No record",
  "available": "Fed"
 }
}